Screening of diabetes mellitus in patients at risk in dermatology outpatient department
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20240968Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Skin manifestation, Screening, PreventionAbstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widely spread multidisciplinary condition that requires the attention of many different disciplines; yet, the involvement of dermatologists in this regard has not been recognized. The current study focused on the role of dermatologists in screening the prevalence and pattern of cutaneous manifestations in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients.
Methods: A randomized study was carried out from April 2023 to October 2023 in the department of dermatology at SSB Heart and Multispecialty Hospital in Faridabad, Haryana. In the current study, patients with dermatological problems suspected of diabetes mellitus were enrolled. Dermatological problems such acanthosis nigricans, dermatophyte infections, psoriasis, endogenous eczema, chronic urticaria, generalized pruritus, lichen simplex chronicus, patients older than 40, and coexisting conditions like obesity were focused in this study.
Results: This study enrolled a total of 100 patients. Only 37 patients were recognized as having a high risk of diabetes, with 67.57% having a verified history of the disease. Furthermore, 32% of T2DM patients were examined for specific skin symptoms during their initial visits, with 4 individuals being found to have generalized pruritus and dermatophyte infection.
Conclusions: This study finally concluded that dermatologists may play a crucial role in fighting the T2DM epidemic by early detection of T2DM and treatment initiation which may reduce the risk of serious complications.
References
Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Dagogo-Jack S. Preventing diabetes mellitus in developing countries. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012;8(9):557-62.
Mendes AL, Miot HA, Haddad V. Diabetes mellitus and the skin. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia. 2017;92:8-20.
Ferinkel R, Freinkel N. Cutaneous manifestations of endocrine diseases. u: Fitzpatrick TB i dr.[ur.]. Dermatology in general medicine, New York, itd: McGraw-Hill. 1993;2113-31.
Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Hosseinian-Far M, Kavoussi H, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, et al. Evaluation of skin lesions in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020;19:1909-16.
Furqan S, Kamani L, Jabbar A. Skin manifestations in diabetes mellitus. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2014;26(1):46-8.
Duff M, Demidova O, Blackburn S, Shubrook J. Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus. Clin Diabetes. 2015;33(1):40-8.
Garg A, Birabaharan M, Strunk A. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa in the United States. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;79(1):71-6.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lifestyle change program details. 2019. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention/lifestyle-program/lcp-details.html. Accessed on 10 December 2023.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tests for Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Prediabetes. 2023. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/ basics/getting-tested.html. Accessed on 10 December 2023.
Labib A, BS, Rosen J, MD, Yosipovitch G. Skin manifestations of diabetes mellitus. In: Diabetes Mellitus, editors Rifkin H, Raskin P, Brady CO. Louana. 1981;313-21.
Romano G, Moretti G, Di Benedetto A, Giofre C, Di Cesare E, Russo G, Califano L, Cucinotta D. Skin lesions in diabetes mellitus: prevalence and clinical correlations. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998;39(2):101-6.
Mahajan S, Koranne RV, Sharma SK. Cutaneous manifestation of diabetes melitus. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2003;69:105.
Roo GS, Poi GS. Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus: a clinical study. Indian J Dermatol Venereal Leprol. 1997;63:232-4.
George T, Fernandez JC. Cutaneous manifestation in diabeh mellitus: study of 50 cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereal Lepr. 1976;42:261-6.
Ngo A, Froessl L, McWhorter JW, Perkison WB, Katta R. Diabetes detection and prevention in dermatology. Dermatol Pract Conceptual. 2021;11(4):e2021131.
