Pregnancy outcomes in sexually transmitted infections or human immunodeficiency viruses infected women at a tertiary care center: a retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20210573Keywords:
Antenatal women, Antiretroviral therapy, CD4Abstract
Background: The natural history of HIV infection in early disease is not affected by pregnancy. In later stages there may be rapid disease progression leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Prevalence of HIV in India is 0.3% in pregnant women. With the advent of PPTCT, there have been a decline in the adverse pregnancy outcomes but still few adversities are reported. Aim of the study was to assess the various pregnancy outcomes in HIV positive women and the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Methods: A retrospective analytical study conducted from July 2017-June 2019 on HIV infected pregnant women. Their maternal age, CD4 count at diagnosis of HIV, after postpartum, mode of delivery, birth weight and HIV status of baby were noted and analyzed.
Results: 18 HIV infected pregnant women were included. Their mean age was 25.6 years. 12 patients were in 2nd trimester and the rest in 1st trimester. All were on triple-drug (TEL) regimen. Three were diagnosed with HIV prior to conception and were already on ART. Remaining were detected at the time of ANC visit. All cases fall under stage I WHO clinical staging. Out of the 18 pregnant, two delivered by LSCS and the rest by normal delivery. All were term deliveries, with mean birth weight of 2.82 kg. One HIV infected baby was born by LSCS. The mean CD4 count at the time of diagnosis of HIV was 389 and at postpartum was 508. Overall, there was seen to be an increase in CD4 count without any adverse effects during ART.
Conclusions: Prompt HIV diagnosis and ART initiation during antenatal period can have good pregnancy outcome and thereby reducing transmission to children.
Metrics
References
WGBD 2015 HIV Collaborators: Estimates of global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HIV, 1980-2015: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet HIV. 2016;3(8):e361-87.
Newman L, Rowley J, Vander Hoorn S, Wijesooriya NS, Unemo M, Low N et al. Global estimates of the prevalence and incidence of four curable sexually transmitted infections in 2012 based on systematic review and global reporting. PloS one. 2015;10(12):e0143304.
Silver BJ, Guy RJ, Kaldor JM, Jamil MS, Rumbold AR. Trichomonas vaginalisas a cause of perinatal morbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Transm Dis. 2014;41(6):369-76.
Workowski KA, Bolan GA. Centers for Disease C, Prevention: Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2015;64(RR-03):1-137.
Mullick S, Watson-Jones D, Beksinska M, Mabey D. Sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy: prevalence, impact on pregnancy outcomes, and approach to treatment in developing countries. Sexually transmitted infect. 2005;81(4):294-302.
Silva MJ, Florencio GL, Gabiatti JR, Amaral RL, Eleuterio Junior J, Goncalves AK. Perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with chlamydial infection: a meta-analysis study. Braz J Infect Dis. 2011;15(6):533-39.
Gomez GB, Kamb ML, Newman LM, Mark J, Broutet N, Hawkes SJ. Untreated maternal syphilis and adverse outcomes of pregnancy: a systematic review andmeta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 2013;91(3):217-26.
Choudhry S, Ramachandran VG, Das S, Bhattacharya SN, Mogha NS. Pattern of sexually transmitted infections and performance of syndromic management against etiological diagnosis in patients attending the sexually transmitted infection clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Sex Transm Dis. 2010;31(2):104-08.
Kojima N, Sharma N, Ravi KBC, Arun A, Bristow CC, Sethi S et al., Sexually Transmitted Infections and Adverse Birth and Infant Outcomes among Pregnant Women. J Clin Diagn Res. 2018;12(7):QC09-12.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
