Bacteriological profile of pyoderma in a tertiary care centre in Kerala, India

Authors

  • Soumya Rani R Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala
  • Jayalekha B Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala
  • Sreekumary P. K. Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20161425

Keywords:

Pyoderma, Antimicrobial resistance, Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background: Pyoderma is a leading cause of childhood infection, which also affects the adults with a changing trend of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial agent. A study on the bacteriological profile of pyoderma and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern is beneficial as it is the first study of its kind in this study centre. The main objective of the study was to find the bacteriological profile and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted during a one year period at Government medical college, Kottayam, India. 150 cases were studied. Data was collected to assess the risk factors. Pus collected from the site of infection was cultured, the organisms were identified and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern was found by conventional methods.

Results: There were 173 isolates obtained from 150 patients. The predominant isolate obtained was Staphylococcus aureus including 13% of MRSA, followed by Beta hemolytic Streptococci. Other isolates obtained were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter amalonaticus.

Conclusion: The most common organism causing pyoderma is found to be Staphylococcus aureus which include 13.3% of MRSA. The next common isolate obtained is Beta hemolytic Streptococci. 38 cases showed mixed infections including few gram negative bacilli. So this study emphasizes the need for pus culture and sensitivity which facilitates the appropriate usage of antimicrobial agents which can prevent emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

References

Collee G, Duguid JP, Fraser AG, Marmion BP. Mackie and McCartney’s Practical medical microbiology. 14th edition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1996;15(2):201.

Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing, Twenty-Third Informational Supplement M100-S23. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2014;34(1).

Parikh DA, Fernandez RJ, Wagle UD. Clinical and bacteriological aspects of pyoderma. J post grad med. 1987;33(4):189-19.

Ghadage DP, Sali YA. Bacteriological study of pyoderma with special reference to antibiotic susceptibility to newer antibiotics. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1999;65:177-81.

Andrews RM, Kearns T, Connors C, Parker C, Carville KA. Regional initiative to reduce skin infections amongst aboriginal children living in remote communities of the Northern Territory, Australia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(11):e554.

Mathew SM, Garg BR, Kanungo RA. Clinico-bacteriological study of primary pyodermas of children in Pondicherry. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1992;58:183-7.

Gandhi S, Ojha AK, Ranjan KP, Neelima. Clinical and Bacteriological Aspects of Pyoderma. N Am J Med Sci. 2012;4(10):492-5.

Ahmed K, Batra A, Roy R, Kalla G, Kh. Clinical and bacteriological study of pyoderma in Jodhpur-Western Rajasthan (le). Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1998;64:156-7.

Ali MK. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in community-acquired primary pyoderma. 2010;13(1):103-6.

Brook I. Secondary bacterial infections complicating skin Lesions. J Med Microbiol. 2002;51:808-12.

Furtado S, Bhat RM, Rekha B, Sukumar D, Kamath GH, Martis J, et al. The clinical spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of staphylococcal pyodermas in the community and hospital. Indian J Dermatol. 2014;59:143-50.

McDonald M, Dougall1 A, Holt D, Huygens F, Oppedisano F, Giffard PM, et al. Use of a single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping system to demonstrate the unique epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Remote Aboriginal Communities. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(10):3720-7.

Bukharie HA. A review of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus for primary care physicians. J Family Community Med. 2010;17(3):117-20.

Singh TN, Devi KM, Devi KS. Ecthyma gangrenosum: A rare cutaneous manifestation caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa without bacteraemia in a leukaemic patient- a case report. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2005;23(4):262-3.

Jenkins TC, Sabel AL, Sarcone EE, Price CS, Mehler PS, Burman WJ. Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections Requiring Hospitalization at an Academic Medical Center: Opportunities for Antimicrobial Stewardship. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2014;5(8):895-903.

Ho PL, Chuang SK, Choi YF, Lee RA, Lit A, Ng TK, et al. Community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J. 2009;15( 9):9-11.

Malhotra SK, Malhotra S, Dhaliwal GS, Thakur A. Bacteriological study of pyodermas in a tertiary care dermatological center. Indian J Dermatol. 2012;57:358-361.

Gupta V, Datta P, Singla N. Skin and soft tissue infection: frequency of aerobic bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008;56:390-1.

Daum RS. C.M. Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:380-90.

Ellington MJ, Ganner M, Warner M, Cookson BD, Kearns AM. Polyclonal multiply antibiotic-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Panton–Valentine leucocidin in England. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65(1):46-50.

Moran GJ, Krishnadasan A, Gorwitz RJ, Fosheim GE, McDougal LK, Carey RB, et al. Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency Department. Engl N J Med. 2006;355:666-74.

Gupta V, Datta P, Rani H, Chander J. Inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: A study from North India. J Postgrad Med. 2009;55:176-9.

Hughes JM, Wilson ME, Brandt CM, Spellerberg B. Human Infections due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies equisimilis. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(5): 766-72.

Scheurich D, Woeltje K. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections due to CA-MRSA. Missouri Medicine. 2009;106(4):274-6.

Downloads

Published

2016-05-13

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles