Role of patch testing with foot wear series in children with foot dermatoses in a tertiary centre in north Kerala, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20171027Keywords:
Foot dermatoses, Patch tesing, Foot wear seriesAbstract
Background: Foot dermatoses are a common malady in children. It has a varied presentation ranging from patchy fissured scaly lesions to disabling highly inflammatory vesicular eruption. A role for foot wear exacerbating these dermatoses is a possibility, which could be confirmed by patch testing.To evaluate the role of patch testing in determining the allergen either causing or exacerbating various foot dermatoses in children.
Methods: Patch testing was done in 40 children with various foot dermatoses using the standard footwear series and the results were read after 48 hours, 96 hours and again after 7 days. Also, skin biopsy was done in 10 cases from the representative lesions.
Results: Patch test was positive in 24(60%) patients to different antigens. Disperse orange (25%) was found to be the commonest allergen followed by epoxy resin (15%), neomycin sulphate (12.5%) and black rubber mix (10%).
Conclusions: Patch testing has a major role in finding out the causative agent or at least the exacerbating footwear in various foot dermatoses. Disperse orange was found to be the most common allergen. The diagnosis of acrodermatitis or JPD should not deter doing a patch testing.
References
Mortz CG, Anderson KE. Allergic contact dermatitis in children and adolescence. Contact Dermatitis. 1999;41:121-30.
Christopher E, Mroweitz U. Pustular eruptions of palms and soles. In: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Frank Austen K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI editors. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th edition. New York: McGraw Hill; 2003: 631-632.
Holden CA, Berth Jones J. Eczema, lichenification, prurigo and erythroderma. In: Burns T, Brethnach S, Cox N, Griffith C editors. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology.7th edition. Massachussets: Blackwell Publishings; 2004: 33-34.
Ashton RE, Griffiths WA. Studies on sweating and bacterial ecology in Juvenile Plantar Dermatoses. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1986;11:535-42.
Shrank AB. Aetiology of Juvenile Plantar Dermatoses. Br J Dermatol. 1997;100:641-6.
Freeman S. Shoe dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36:247-51.
Clayton TH, Wilkinson SM, Rawcliffe C, Pollock B, Clark SM. Allergic contact dermatitis in children: Should pattern of dermatitis determine referral? A retrospective study of 500 children tested between 1995 and 2004 in one UK centre. Br J Dermatol. 2006;154:114-7.
Darling MI, Horn HM, Mc Cormack SK, Schofield OM. Sole dermatitis in children: Patch testing revisited. Paediatric Dermatol. 2012;29:254-7.
Suhail M, Ejaz A, Jameel K. Value of patch testing with indigenous battery of allergens in shoe dermatitis. J Pakistan Ass of Dermatol. 2009;19:66-73.
Priya KS, Komath G, Martis J ,Sukumar D, Shetty NJ, Bhat RM, et al. Foot eczema: the role of patch test in determining the causative agent using standard series. Indian J Dermatol. 2008;53:68-9.
Chowdhuri S, Ghosh S. Epidemioallergological study in 155 cases of foot wear dermatitis. Indian J Dermatol. 2007;73:319-22.
Rani Z, Hussain I, Haroon TS. Common allergens in shoe dermatitis: Our experience in Lahore, Pakistan. Int J Dermatol. 2003;42:605-7.
Roul S, Ducoumbs G, Leaute- Labreze C, Labbe L, Taiiebe A. Foot wear contact dermatitis in children. Contact Dermatitis. 1996;35:334-6.
Saha M, Srinivas CR, Shenoy SD, Balachandran C, Acharya S. Foot wear dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 1993;28:260-4.
Opie J, Lee A, Frowen K, Fewing SJ, Nixon R. Foot dermatitis caused by the textile dye Basic Red 46 in acrylic blend socks. Contact Dermatitis. 2003;49:297-303.
Fischer AA. Textile and shoe dermatitis. In: Fischer’s Contact Dermatitis. 2nd edition. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1973: 310.
Srinivas CR, Devadiga R, Aroor AR. Footwear dermatitis due to bisphenol A. Contact Dermatitis. 1989;20:150-1.
Ashton RE, Jones RR, Griffiths A. Juvenile Plantar Dermatoses- a clinicopathological study. Arch Dermatol. 1985;121:225-8.
Nannini N, Miguldi M, Pepe P, Maiorana A. Psoriasis vs. allergic contact dermatitis in palms and soles: a quantitative histological and immuno-histochemical study. APMIS. 2009;117:629-34.